The Art of Negotiation. Qualities of a Good Negotiator

The craft of arrangement. Characteristics of a decent mediator. Great arrangement is a significant piece of each business. In the event that you are a decent moderator, you can be extremely fruitful in maintaining a business. Incredible arrangement abilities can permit you, for instance, to convince your opponents into making a partnership with your organization or into working with you on another arrangement. It will assist you with discussing disputable () purposes of business with your rivals, heading, subordinates, etc. All in all, which abilities can assist you with being an unbeaten arbitrator? As I would like to think, the most significant thing is to be a decent listener.Never interfere with your adversary. You ought to be patient and cool, particularly when you are in a contention. Trying to avoid panicking is a helpful quality in individuals who participate in the exchange procedure. Specifically, when you are by and by assaulted or when you are in upsetting circumstances. You need to distinguish and break down the most significant issues cautiously, however rapidly. You ought to comprehend that toward the finish of the arrangement the two sides can win. I think bargain is in the same class as triumph. On the off chance that you win in an exchange, you will understand that others have needs. As I would like to think, we partake in dealings each day.For model, when we talk about with our folks the chance of going out around evening time. With respect to me, I am not an awesome mediator. It is the aftereffect of my own mental characteristics. I am enthusiastic and it is difficult for me to remain quiet in the center of a contention. In any case, I can’t state that I’m an ineffective mediator. For instance, as of late my companion had a contention with her beau. I conversed with them independently and discovered the reason for the contention. They had quite recently misconstrued one another. So I convinced them to converse with one another in a quiet air. It demonstrated my prosperity as an arbitrator.

Fine Art Personal Statement Essays

Artistic work Personal Statement Essays Artistic work Personal Statement Essay Artistic work Personal Statement Essay A craftsman looking for an artistic work degree from a rumored school needs to compose a compelling artwork individual proclamation, which is perceived as the significant piece of the affirmation test. This kind of articulation for the most part centers around the applicant’s fine art’s abilities, future objectives, character, characteristics, execution (scholastic or expert) and experience. Frequently it is seen that a school individual articulation is regularly mistaken for an artist’s explanation. The individual proclamation is substantially more point by point than the artist’s explanation, which is utilized distinctly as an advertising instrument by the craftsman. In any case, in the event that you are applying for a compelling artwork Degree and you don’t realize how to compose this announcement then you have come at the correct spot. This article will examine some essential tips which if appropriately executed will surely make your artistic work individual proclamation persuading as well as engaging. Activities Before Writing The as a matter of first importance thing is to do a bit of conceptualizing and thinking of thoughts that will make up an engaging individual explanation. Review some beneficial encounters that have either roused you to concentrate expressive arts or have improved your fine art’s aptitudes. Rundown down those encounters or motivation as you should portray them in the announcement, quickly. Pen down your inclinations that have built up your art’s aptitudes. Rundown down certain exercises that help you in improving your insight into this field and assist you with studying it for example perusing art’s magazines, posts, online how-to articles, and so forth. Likewise notice your association in an online network of expressive arts. This will give them how committed you are in examining this field and that you are so resolved to taking your abilities to the following level. Consider any irregularities that you have had in your scholarly presentation. Mention to them what obstructions caused them. Compelling artwork Personal Statement Experience the rundown of details before beginning the work. Start the statement’s presentation with an engaging opening and in a convincing tone. An entrancing articulation, a reality or an intriguing statement about the craftsmanship can assist you with holding onto the consideration of the peruser. Talk about your scholarly foundation in the body of the artistic work articulation. Examine any temporary job that you have done in any craftsmanship related word. Rundown down the development courses that you have done from non-certify organizations. Rundown down those interests that are outside the domain of expressive arts, for example, horse riding, hand-creating, understanding loathsomeness or dream books, swimming, and so forth. Wrap up the compelling artwork individual proclamation with an end. In an end section, you will initially need to repeat the character, attributes, interests or characteristics that you have clarified above and finish up your announcement with talking about your future objectives and what you would like to achieve as a craftsman. At last, subsequent to finishing the announcement edit the whole explanation by and by. Ask somebody like a companion or a teacher of your school to peruse the announcement and give their fair criticism. Consider their input and clean the nature of your announcement. :

Quitting Smoking and Weight Gain

Quitting Smoking and Weight Gain Addiction Nicotine Use After You Quit Print Why You Gain Weight After You Quit Smoking By Terry Martin facebook twitter Terry Martin quit smoking after 26 years and is now an advocate for those seeking freedom from nicotine addiction. Learn about our editorial policy Terry Martin Updated on January 31, 2020 James Darell / The Image Bank / Getty Images More in Addiction Nicotine Use After You Quit How to Quit Smoking Nicotine Withdrawal Smoking-Related Diseases The Inside of Cigarettes Alcohol Use Addictive Behaviors Drug Use Coping and Recovery Most people who quit smoking worry about gaining weight. It seems to go with the territory. While a small gain is normal, excessive weight gain when you quit smoking can create new health problems and erode your determination to stay off cigarettes. Lets take a look at what you can do to keep your weight under control as you go through the process of recovery from nicotine addiction. Why People Gain Weight When They Quit Smoking increases metabolism slightly: Smoking burns up to 200 calories a day in a heavy smoker.Because smoking burns calories, metabolism is boosted (increased) slightly.Nicotine is an appetite suppressant. When you quit smoking, a gain of between 5 and 10 pounds during the first few months of cessation is normal. If your eating habits have remained the same as they were when you smoked, the weight should come back off within a few months. Add some exercise to your daily regimen like a brisk 30-minute walk, and youll help speed the weight loss along or perhaps avoid it altogether. Why You Want to Eat More Smoking cessation throws our bodies into shock initially. Increased appetite is a side effect of quitting tobacco for most people. Cigarettes as an appetite suppressant: Smokers often avoid between-meal snacking by lighting up. Nicotine is a stimulant, and may also interfere with the release of the hormone insulin. Insulin controls glucose levels in the blood. When this function is blocked, a person will become slightly hyperglycemic, and as a result, the body and brain may slow down the hormones and other signals that trigger feelings of hunger.Food as a replacement for smoking: Early on in a persons quit, the urge to smoke is frequent and uncomfortable. Most of us feel the loss of the hand-to-mouth action of smoking acutely, and food often seems like a reasonable replacement. This can lead to overeating and weight gain though, so its better to find a healthier substitute for smoking.Dopamine and the urge to snack: Nicotine and food share a common chemical reaction in our brains: the release of dopamine. Dopamine is called the feel good hormone because it creates a sense of well-being. When nicotine is no longe r in the picture, many of us to turn to food for that boost. The emotional comfort food gives us is a result of this chemical reaction in the brain. Exercise also releases dopamine, so consider using it as a way of improving your mood and minimizing cravings. It will have the added benefit of helping you to speed up a sluggish metabolism and avoid weight gain as well; a win every way you look at it. Studies have shown that women are at greater risk than men for returning to smoking as a way to avoid weight gain. Understanding what happens to our bodies when we quit smoking and what we can do to alleviate discomfort in constructive ways will help us stay on track and keep weight gain at a minimum. There are a number of choices you can make to minimize weight gain. Exercise As mentioned above, exercise releases dopamine and is a great way to stave off cravings to smoke. It can also help you keep your weight stable. Shoot for at least a half hour of exercise, 5 days a week. It doesnt have to be a high-intensity aerobic workout; a brisk 30-minute walk around your neighborhood will work wonders for your body, mind, and soul. Healthy Snacks Put snacks together ahead of time so that when the munchies hit, youve got good food choices within easy reach: Vegetable sticks: Celery, carrotsLean meat and a small amount of cheeseSeeds and nuts: Choose those that you have to remove the shell.  Gives your hands something to do and helps you eat less.94% fat-free popcornTrail mixWater: Drink lots of itHard candies to suck onFresh fruitLow-fat yogurtHerbal teasHot cocoa made with nonfat milkFrozen grapesFat-free fudgecicles If youre concerned about weight gain, do yourself a favor and remove tempting, high-fat foods from your home. If you have a strong craving for a decadent dessert, its better to go out to a restaurant and indulge in a single serving, rather than have an entire cake sitting on the counter calling your name every time you walk through the kitchen. Avoid Alcohol Not only is alcohol high in calories, but it is also often an intense trigger to smoke. Additionally, alcohol tends to relax our inhibitions, and for an ex-smoker, that can spell trouble. Avoid the empty calories in alcohol, but more importantly, dont put yourself at risk of relapse by drinking early in your quit program. One Challenge at a Time People who quit smoking often decide its time to clean their lives up in other areas as well. Thats great, but be careful. If you try to do too many self-improvement projects at once, you run the risk of failing at all of them. Keep these points in mind: Be good to yourself. Quitting tobacco is a huge accomplishment, and you should reward yourself for your progress often. Dont underestimate the magnitude of what you are doing.Be patient. Quitting smoking is a process that takes time. It doesnt happen overnight, but in comparison to the number of years most of us smoked, recovery from nicotine addiction is short. Give yourself the time you need to heal.Accept yourself. You are a wonderful person just as you are right now. If you gain a few pounds while going through the process of quitting tobacco, so be it. The benefits will affect your life as well as those who love you in more positive ways than you can imagine. You can quit smoking without gaining a lot of weight. Dont let the fear of weight gain keep you chained to an addiction that will kill you, given the chance. Weight can be lost, lungs cannot.

Impact of Party Drugs on the Youth Culture Essay - 1507 Words

Adolescence refers to the age group from 14 to 26 years. Ten percent of this age group use party drugs (Bennett, 2003). According to Arnett (2004) , this period of development is distinguished by five characteristics: identity exploration, instability, self-focus, a feeling of in-between and possibilities (Arnett, 2004, pg. 14). It is against these five characteristics that the impact of party drugs on the youth culture will be assessed. This essay will explore how the characteristics of adolescence place teenagers at risk from drug experimentation and how the perception of policy makers will influence the community’s response to the problem. The exploration of identity involves having a range of experiences that provides the†¦show more content†¦What then are adolescences escaping from? The very nature of adolescence: the sense of being without identity, the lack of a mental framework to manage the adult world and the pressures of identity construction, create tensions in the person. This escapism is not confined to adolescences as many adults abuse alcohol and amphetamines as a means of escaping the pressures of the adult world. For many users, taking the drug is part of the risk behaviour of adolescence that has the pay-off of feelings of well-being. They do not se themselves as drug users as they do not view their use of party drugs as being a problem. This normalises drug use and makes it difficult for agencies to intervene (Duff, 2003). It is wrong however to assume that all users are escaping from something. One of the features of adolescence is the search for identity and self meaning. This search behaviour creates a heightened sense of curiosity in adolescents as they seek to make sense of self. This curiosity can evolve unconsciously to drug abuse through prolonged use as a result of the uplifting effects of the first experience. The need to fund the regular purchase of the drug can lead into dealing. Bad experiences often will not cause a rejection of the drug as these pale against the many pleasures that the individual has experienced. The chain of events can have dire consequences for the individual as a health problem becomes a criminal problem.Show MoreRelatedBad Influence of Hip Hop on Youth1009 Words   |  5 PagesMusic producers have an influence on the music that today’s youth listen to that many are affected by even though the producers are unaware of it. Today there’s a lot of drug abu se, violence, and sex all on the rise even though hip hop itself is not to blame. Imagine our youth all over the country being exposed to this explicit kind of language. There is no need to imagine, because it is already happening. Ever since the rise of Rap and Hip Hop music, teens have been turning to them to help solveRead MoreHow Alcohol Consumption Is Culture1237 Words   |  5 Pages Furthermore, another area that relates to alcohol consumption is culture. What is culture?. Culture is known to be a set of values and beliefs and that has been transmitted from one generation to another Roche et al (2007,p.63).Sociologists define culture as not only practices but also a network of representations that shapes an individuals social life Roche et al (2007,p.64). It is used to celebrate birthdays, deaths, marriages and graduation Roche et al (2007,p.57). When is it enoughRead MoreHip Hop Is Not Going Anywhere1545 Words   |  7 Pagesperiod since the founding of Hip Hop has added to the evolution of the culture and have altered it into something that is more than just a hobby, but a mindset and a part of life that cannot be separated from many different cultures globally. In 1977, popular Hip Hop MCs and Djs lived in poverty in New York and in 2016 artist like Sean Combs, Dr. Dre, and Jay-Z are worth $2.07 billion combined (Greenburg, 2016). A genre and culture that stemmed in a way of healing and release in the black and latinoRead MoreChapter 4 Was A Great Read, I Feel As Though This World1099 Words   |  5 Pagesa great read, I feel as though this world often creates many stereotypes about illnesses such as obsessive-compulsive disorder, clinical Depression, and many other mental afflictions within the youth. Another that seems to remain controversial and misunderstood is sexual compulsive behavior that the youth have. Many see it as an excuse to act a certain way, or think a certain way; in reality it is a serious mental disorder that can cause devastating effects on the people that are consumed by themRead MoreEssay about T he Impact of Globalization on Young People in Saudi Arabia1457 Words   |  6 Pagessocieties, and cultures through communication, transportation and trade. It is mainly driven by a combination of economic, technological, social-cultural, biological and political factors. 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Hip-hopRead MoreCulture and Music Essay921 Words   |  4 PagesCulture and Music George Gershwin once said, â€Å"True music must repeat the thought and inspirations of the people and the time. My people are Americans and my time is today.† Over the years, no form of art has attached itself to humanity more than music. Music has been creating and destroying cultures in the Twentieth Century at a very rapid rate. Fads come and go, but true music and the heart behind it never dies. The story of subcultures in and through modern music has to start in theRead MoreAlcohol Consumption Among Youth Is Not A New Issue Essay1085 Words   |  5 Pages1. Introduction Alcohol consumption amongst youth is not a new issue – New Zealand has a long standing history of alcohol consumption both good and bad. In New Zealand, as is also around the world, the consumption of alcohol has baggage both good and bad. It is seen on a positive note as a social enabler, it allows oneself to let their guard down a bit and feel at ease in situations out of their normal comfort zones, however to every story there is also a flip-side, and this is the idea that alcoholRead MoreHow Society Perpetuates Overcoming Adolescents875 Words   |  4 PagesHow Society Perpetuates Obstacles in Adolescents Adolescents are faced daily with the temptations of using/abusing drugs and/or alcohol. Even with parents and schools trying to steer our youth today away from using they get sucked in by all forms of advertising that lead them to believe that by saying â€Å"yes† to using a controlled substance they will be much more ‘lively.’ If advertising didn’t have such an impacted and work, these companies wouldn’t be spending the billions of dollars that theyRead MoreDrugs And Its Effects On Society1462 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Certain drugs have become very popular among teens at dance clubs, parties, raves, and other crowded social gatherings. These drugs are known as â€Å"club drugs†. The most commonly used substances amongst teens are MDMA (ecstasy, or molly), GHB, and Methamphetamine (meth). The effects of these different drugs vary. Stimulant drugs such as ecstasy and meth affects the hormone in your body, known as serotonin; which controls sleep cycles and the feeling of happiness. Teens often mix ecstasy

Essay about Technology is a Benefit to Our Society

Technology is a Benefit to Our Society Over the last century, our world has evolved so much, because of the growth of the technological field. Although we spend a lot of money in order to gain new information, the reward goes far beyond the cost of money. In this case, the reward is the ability to save the lives of millions of people. In his essay, â€Å"The Technology of Medicine,† Lewis Thomas describes the three levels of technology; Nontechnology, Halfway Technology, and Effective Technology (582-583). â€Å"Nontechnology† has become the therapeutic part of technology, which helps patients through the emotional and mental effects that a disease can have on them. â€Å"Halfway Technology† is the name given to procedures, such as transplants,†¦show more content†¦Without technology, humans could not possibly know as much as we do about terrifying diseases such as AIDS and Cancer. Although we have not yet invented a cure for neither disease, we have developed many drugs and other sources of treatment that could help delay death for a patient. In the case of Cancer, many people have even been able to overcome the disease through treatments such as chemotherapy and radiation. Stephen Jay Gould, focuses on one of these terrifying diseases in his essay, â€Å"The Terrifying Normalcy of AIDS.† Gould states that â€Å"John Platt recognized that the limited data on the origin of AIDS and its spread in America suggested a more frightening prospect: we are all susceptible to AIDS† (594); but by using technology along with our God-given knowledge, we will hopefully be able to find a cure to this destructive disease. Technology has also provided families with the gift of life. Everyday, many children are born prematurely and need to be set on breathing tubes, which give the children another way of breathing before they are able to do it on their own. If not for this invention, many couples would not get the chance to experience the feeling of having their very own child. We would not have any way of providing the resources that would allow these children to survive, if it were not for technology. In fact,Show MoreRelatedSociety s Dependence On Technology1244 Words   |  5 Pages11- Period 1 2 October 2015 Society’s Dependency On Technology Today, technology is a ruling factor among our society. Technology is involved in every aspect of our lives. Our dependence on technology has been taken to a whole other level, we are now incredibly dependent on technology. We may be too dependent on technology, but our dependence does not necessarily impact us in negative ways. II. Some say the increasing need for technology, specifically social media, causes social isolationRead MoreTranshumanism Essay example918 Words   |  4 PagesFreedom: A Refutation to the Benefits of Transhumanism and Physical Disabilities Transhumanism is a word that describes anything which favors the development of innovative technologies for the improvement of human health, both physical and mental. Throughout the past decade, this movement of transhumanism has started to take course throughout the world. Biotechnologies are one subset of the transhumanist movement that have consistently shown great promise to benefit society as a whole. Ideas surroundingRead MoreThe, Visible M Ethics And The New Genetics867 Words   |  4 PagesToday we live in a society that is constantly evolving.This evolution has outpacing our society expectations. With technological advances’ unfolding right in front of our eyes, the line between what is moral and immoral has been blurred. In Peter Singer’s â€Å"Visible Man: Ethics in a World Without Secrets† and the Dalai Lama’s â€Å"Ethics and the New Genetics† both authors present the potential benefits of today’s advancements but also make it clear that theses advancements have molded our ethical and moralRead MoreImportance Of Web Accessibility For People With Disabilities904 Words   |  4 PagesWhy this is important This chapter reviews the importance of web accessibility in our society. It also considers participatory design as a solution to the problem. Accessible new technology and all its facilities and benefits should be available for all people despite different disadvantages they might have. Disability should not exclude from the society. Moreover, there are a number of reasons why we should make accessible websites for people with disabilities. 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Investigating travel and tourism Free Essays

Domestic tourism- domestic tourism is when tourists live in the UK and take holiday in the UK this is usually one night or more, it can also be day trips. An example of domestic tour operators is: Haven and Butlins. Travel companies in the UK are companies such as National express coach services, Great western railway. We will write a custom essay sample on Investigating travel and tourism or any similar topic only for you Order Now Inbound tourism- inbound tourism is when tourists live outside of the UK and travel to the UK. Inbound tour operators include All European travel, Marriot hotel. Travel services include Span air, Evan’s tours. Outbound tourism- outbound tourism is when tourists live in the UK and travel areas outside of the UK. Examples of outbound companies are Thomson, Thomas Cook, and First Choice. Travel companies include Easyjet, Flybe, Monarch and PO cruises. Components of Travel and Tourism The components of Travel and Tourism come together to provide business and leisure holidays for customers in the travel and tourism industry. Accommodation For many people to make full use of their leisure and business travel they use accommodation. There are different types of accommodation, which can either be serviced or non-services. Serviced accommodation includes hotels which then depending on the hotel they can provide different services, fully inclusive, full board or half board. Fully inclusive includes everything such as meals, drinks etc. Half board includes two meals usually breakfast and an evening meal. Non-serviced accommodation is accommodation such as a caravan, camping, villa or apartments. Non-services accommodation doesn’t include any meals and is usually referred to as self-catering; in apartments there is usually a basic kitchen provided. Transport Transport is an important component of travel and tourism, as all tourists need to travel to get to their selected destination. There are four types of travel these are: air, sea, rail and road. Air is usually most popular when travelling out of the country although it is used within the country to get to different cities; therefore it is used as inbound, outbound and domestic tourism. There are 3 different types of air transport: charter flights, scheduled flights and independent flights. Companies such as Thomas Cook and JMC use charter flights for package holiday customer. Scheduled flights are timetables to fun throughout the year and are generally used by independent travellers. Independent flights are mainly used by business travellers and are relatively small aircrafts. Types of sea travel include ferries, catamarans and cruises. They are used in inbound and outbound tourism. Brittany ferries and PO ferries are examples of companies within sea travel. Ferries can be used by passenger on foot or they can take their vehicle on board. Cruises travel throughout areas of the world such as the Mediterranean and the Caribbean, the ships dock and allow passengers to go on excursions on the chosen stopping point. Passengers then rejoin the boat and travel to a new destination. Rail is used by inbound, outbound and domestic tourists mainly popular with domestic tourists. Great western railway is an example of a domestic railway company as it only provides services throughout the West of the UK whereas a company such as the Eurostar train travels throughout Europe. Road is used by Domestic tourists to travel from one part of the country to another. National Express is a main coach company that provide travel throughout the UK. Privately owned cars are a main source of domestic travel in the UK to go on day trips or camping holidays. Attraction and Events Attractions and events attract people to particular locations and they will need service provided by different components especially transport and accommodation. Different attractions can include, natural, heritage, purpose-built and events. Natural attractions can be caves, beaches, forests and lakes etc. These attract many different tourists for many reasons. Tourists may be visiting on a domestic holiday as part of a day trip, or inbound tourists. Natural attractions in the UK are places such as Cheddar caves, beaches such as Bournemouth, Cornwall. Rivers are usually visited for waterfalls or to take part in activities that include water. Heritage places include historic places such as castles like Edinburgh, Chepstow. Stately homes also bring a lot of tourism to places such as Longleat safari park, London tower. Tourists usually visit these sites for educational visits and to learn something about the history of the building or place. Purpose built attractions attract many inbound outbound and domestic tourists. Purpose built attractions is places such as Alton tower, Lego land, Zoos, Butlins, Centre parks. Tourists visit these sites throughout the year; they attract a lot of tourists from the UK that are on domestic holidays. People visit these places for a good time and for a little break from their usual lifestyles. Events cause a lot of tourists to travel to different places and even stay overnight. A lot of event will be domestic tourists but many people do travel to different countries for big events. Events include music festivals which occur all over the world, music festivals mean that people have to use some sort of transport to get to the situated place and some even stay over night in local accommodation. Other events include sporting events such as Wimbledon, the Grand prix and international football matches. Tour operators Tour operators provide the holiday. Once your holiday has been booked then it is in the hands of the tour operators. They provide tourists with flights, transfers from the airport, hotels and the entertainment within the hotel. Tour operators are companies such as First Choice, Thomson, Thomas Cook, Exodus, and Cycling for softies. How to cite Investigating travel and tourism, Papers

Adventures Of Huck Finn Essay Example For Students

Adventures Of Huck Finn Essay The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn was written by Mark Twain. Mark Twain, bornSamuel Langhorne Clemens in 1835, led one of the most exciting and adventuresomeof literary lives. Raised in the river town of Hannibal, Missouri, Twain had toleave school at age twelve to seek work. He was successively a journeymanprinter, a steamboat pilot, a halfhearted Confederate soldier (no more than afew weeks), and a prospector, miner and reporter in the western territories. Hisexperiences furnished him with a wide knowledge of humanity, as well as with theperfect grasp of local customs and speech, which exhibits itself so well in hiswriting. With the publication in 1865 of The Celebrated Jumping Frog ofCalaveras County, Twain gained national attention as a frontier humorist, andthe best-selling Innocents Abroad solidified his fame. But it was not until Lifeon the Mississippi (1883), and finally, The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn(1885), that the literary establishment recognized him as one of the g reatestwriters America would ever produce. Toward the end of his life, plagued bypersonal tragedy and financial failure, Mark Twain grew more and morepessimistic-an outlook not alleviated by his natural skepticism and sarcasm. From this last period, only the stories The Man That Corrupted Hadleyburg andThe Mysterious Stranger match his earlier work in brilliance. Though his famecontinued to widen-Yale and Oxford awarded him honorary degrees-Twain spent hislast years in gloom and exasperation, writing fables about the damned humanrace. Characters Tom Sawyer- Tom is a friend of Huckleberry Finn. Tom hasan extraordinary imagination. Huckleberry Finn- Huck is the main character ofthe story. His mother is dead and father is a drunk and abuses him. Jim- Jimis the slave of Miss Watson. He is very superstitious and believes in witches. The King- The King is a bum that, after hearing the other bum say that he wasa duke, said that he was the King. Huck and Jim just go along with it so itwould not start trouble. The Duke- The Duke is a bum. He pretends that he isthe rightful Duke of Bilgewater. Summary Huckleberry Finn is a child around theage of 14. He lives along the Mississippi River with Miss Watson. She is hisguardian, because his mother is dead and his father is a drunk. His fatherabuses him. When Hucks father comes to town and hears that his son is goingto inherit six thousand dollars, he wants custody of Huck. Every once in a whilehe will get drunk and argue with the judge. Finally, Hucks father takes Huckback. He runs away and makes it look like he was killed while his father wasout. He took a boat and went floating down the Mississippi. He stops aJacksons Island thinking that he was going to live there. He finds MissWatsons slave, Jim on the island. She was going to sell Jim so he ran away. Jim was scared to death, because he thought that Huck was a ghost. Everyonethought that he was dead. Huck went ashore, disguised, to find out if anyone waslooking for them. He found out that they were going to go to the island to lookfor Jim. They immediately left the island. They had many adventures whilefloating down the river towards Jims freedom. They met two bandits whoclaimed that they were a Duke and a King. These bandits scammed every town theycame across for money. At one point they get discovered for being fraudsclaiming that they were the brothers of a dead man and came to get there sharein his will. Huck escapes and later runs into the Duke and the King again. Theyuse a paper they made at one of there stops to suggest that Jim was a runaway. .u887ef4123ca92ce3c305dcea452f5a17 , .u887ef4123ca92ce3c305dcea452f5a17 .postImageUrl , .u887ef4123ca92ce3c305dcea452f5a17 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u887ef4123ca92ce3c305dcea452f5a17 , .u887ef4123ca92ce3c305dcea452f5a17:hover , .u887ef4123ca92ce3c305dcea452f5a17:visited , .u887ef4123ca92ce3c305dcea452f5a17:active { border:0!important; } .u887ef4123ca92ce3c305dcea452f5a17 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u887ef4123ca92ce3c305dcea452f5a17 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u887ef4123ca92ce3c305dcea452f5a17:active , .u887ef4123ca92ce3c305dcea452f5a17:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u887ef4123ca92ce3c305dcea452f5a17 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u887ef4123ca92ce3c305dcea452f5a17 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u887ef4123ca92ce3c305dcea452f5a17 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u887ef4123ca92ce3c305dcea452f5a17 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u887ef4123ca92ce3c305dcea452f5a17:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u887ef4123ca92ce3c305dcea452f5a17 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u887ef4123ca92ce3c305dcea452f5a17 .u887ef4123ca92ce3c305dcea452f5a17-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u887ef4123ca92ce3c305dcea452f5a17:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Fear of Being Misunderstood EssayThey sold him for 40 dollars. Huck is determined to set Jim free again. He goesto the farm where Jim is held captive and is mistaken for Tom Sawyer but goesalong with it to find out about Jim. Later on Tom comes to the house and coversfor Huck by saying that he was Sid Sawyer and they wanted to surprise them. Astime passes, Tom and Huck make plan to set Jim free. Huck figures out a simpleplan to help their friend. But Tom, with his extraordinary imagination, wasntsatisfied one bit. His devised a plan that was more dangerous and consisted ofmany unnecessary elements. Huck went along with it anyway to make Tom happy. Thenight that they act on the plan, Tom was shot in the leg and they were allchased by men with guns in the dark. They headed for the boat. They all got onand decided that they better get some help for Tom. Huck stopped at the shore alittle ways down the river and found a doctor. Huck fell asleep and it wasmorning when he woke up. He shoved off shore on the raft and ran into hisuncle. His uncle brought him back home and asked where Sid(Tom)was and Huck told him that he was in town. He told him that they heard thegunshots the night before and went after them. Tom didnt return that day andhis aunt sat up all night waiting for him. In the morning, the doctor comesalong with Tom and Jim. Jim was tied up. The doctor said that this was a runawayand that he helped him take care of Tom so they wouldnt punish him soharshly. As the time went by, Tom got better and told his aunt the whole storyabout their plan to free Jim, thinking that they had freed him. He didnt knowthat Jim was recaptured. Everybody talked about i t and Tom said that he waslegally free, because in Miss Watsons will, she set Jim free and she had diedtwo months before. So it turned out that they were risking their lives to free afree man. Jim got 40 dollars for helping the doctor take care of Tom and he wasa free man. Toms aunt and uncle adopted Huck to civilize him. Jim tellsHuck that his father is dead. Therefore, Huck can go back home and claim the sixthousand with no problem. Analysis This book was written in a time of racialdiscrimination and slavery. Because of that fact, I think that the author, MarkTwain, was against racial injustice. I can imagine that the material was veryrisky to right. It was a very controversial subject. I dont know if MarkTwain was an abolitionist, but the ideas in the book might suggest it. He couldhave just been writing an adventure which is also suggested by the titleof the book. This message of anti-slavery is very important, because thereshould not have been any slavery or racial discriminati on. It shows thestupidity of the human race and what we should be ashamed of. What we should beashamed of in the past and the present. There is still racial injustice in ourmodern society today. So, what does that tell you about our race and oursociety? Now we have problems of sexual discrimination. My Opinion I think thatthis book was written very well. The message was demonstrated throughout theentire story by Hucks loyalty to Jim, and Jims loyalty to Huck. I thinkthat this story about a young boy, his journey, and his adventures along the waywas one of the first great novels to speak in a truly American voice. The waythat he wrote in slang dialects is incredible. This is a great book and I thinkthat it should be a reference for many writers of all kinds. He told abelievable story with a twist. This book will be remembered for a long time andbe read by generations and generations and will always be considered a wonderfulstory and also a piece of history. .u33e2ddc3c8b460c5b32cdb85d14a9a5e , .u33e2ddc3c8b460c5b32cdb85d14a9a5e .postImageUrl , .u33e2ddc3c8b460c5b32cdb85d14a9a5e .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u33e2ddc3c8b460c5b32cdb85d14a9a5e , .u33e2ddc3c8b460c5b32cdb85d14a9a5e:hover , .u33e2ddc3c8b460c5b32cdb85d14a9a5e:visited , .u33e2ddc3c8b460c5b32cdb85d14a9a5e:active { border:0!important; } .u33e2ddc3c8b460c5b32cdb85d14a9a5e .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u33e2ddc3c8b460c5b32cdb85d14a9a5e { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u33e2ddc3c8b460c5b32cdb85d14a9a5e:active , .u33e2ddc3c8b460c5b32cdb85d14a9a5e:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u33e2ddc3c8b460c5b32cdb85d14a9a5e .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u33e2ddc3c8b460c5b32cdb85d14a9a5e .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u33e2ddc3c8b460c5b32cdb85d14a9a5e .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u33e2ddc3c8b460c5b32cdb85d14a9a5e .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u33e2ddc3c8b460c5b32cdb85d14a9a5e:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u33e2ddc3c8b460c5b32cdb85d14a9a5e .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u33e2ddc3c8b460c5b32cdb85d14a9a5e .u33e2ddc3c8b460c5b32cdb85d14a9a5e-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u33e2ddc3c8b460c5b32cdb85d14a9a5e:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Assisted Suicide EssayBook Reports

Master Harold And The Boys Essays - Harold, Improvisational Theatre

Master Harold And The Boys Master Harold and his Father Master Harold is very similar to his father. Although Harold probably doesn't want to become like his father, or think like him, he will grow up to be just like his father. When Harold gets involved into arguments, only then does his fathers instincts kick in. Although Harolds father is never in the play, we can learn a lot about him just by Harold and a single phone call. Harold inherited his fathers need for power and control, his racism, hatred, and negative attitude. Harold likes to be in control. In Harolds family situation, his fathers dominates his mother. For instance when Harolds father made up his mind that he wanted to leave the hospital, and that's just what he did. Even though Harolds mother tried to talk him out of it, she made no difference in the final decision. This could mean that Harolds father is always the one who's in control, and his wife just looks after him and has no say in anything. In a marriage there shouldn't be domination. Harolds situation is a lot like his fathers. Harold dominates Willie, and Sam. If you're a servant, of course your master is the one in control. But in this situation Willie and Sam are more to Harold than just servants, they're good friends, and in a friendship there should not be domination. Harold does take advantage of the fact that he is Sam and Willies master. for example, if there is an argument, then Harold threatens to fire Sam and Willie and always reminds them that he is the one in control. He is just using that as an excuse to win the argument and to prove that he's always right. Now between Harold and his father, his father dominates him easily. Because of this Harold may want to feel like he's somehow in control of something, and that's why he treats Willie and Sam the way he does. I think Harold loves Willie and Sam, like Harolds father loves his wife, but because Harolds father is in control, Harold wants to feel somehow in control too. Harold is prejudice against black people. Though he may not know it, or might not want to admit it, Harold is racist. This is also another way Harold argues with Willie and Sam. He argues that because Sam is black he doesn't know as much as Harold or can't learn anything to complex. He also argues that he is far too civilized and well mannered to be hanging out with black people who are nothing more than servants. Then again this just might be another excuse for Harold to win an argument. For instance, Harold deliberately told Sam what he thought was a funny racist joke just to hurt Sams feelings. Now this is a joke that Harold shared with his father, and this is how they spend their time together, making prejudice jokes about black people. Harold became racist because of his father. Their racist jokes are the only thing that brings them together. They make jokes about people who are less then them so they can feel more dominate in society. It's the only thing Harold knows of to make his father happy. This also means that Harold and his father don't have a close relationship and only know each other through racist jokes. Harold always has a negative attitude towards things. There are few scenes in the play where Harold has a positive and happy attitude. Though Harolds father is never seen in the play, you can tell that he's not a happy person. Harolds father doesn't really function as a father should, this may have affected Harold. He should spend more time with Harold and try to bring the family closer. If he even attempted this maybe Harold could change his sour attitude about everything. Harold isn't happy because he was never really close to anyone except Sam, and he feels indifferent about it because Sam is black. Harold would be better off if he was under the influence of Sam instead of his father because Sam is more of a father to Harold than his real father. Even when

The Indispensable Interjection Oh

The Indispensable Interjection Oh The Indispensable Interjection â€Å"Oh† The Indispensable Interjection â€Å"Oh† By Mark Nichol An interjection is one or more words uttered or written as an exclamation or an expression of emotion. I already provided a lifetime supply of them in a previous post, but here are some additional notes about one of the most ubiquitous of them all: oh. Whether this all-purpose exclamation is followed by a comma or not depends on its purpose. â€Å"Oh, my† and the like are expressions of any one of a variety of emotions or comprehensions, including pain or repulsion, or surprise or wonder. Oh is also a placeholder that signals dismissiveness (â€Å"Oh, don’t mind me†) or indicates an approximation (â€Å"He was, oh, about this tall†). Say is employed in a similar usage (â€Å"What if I were to offer you, say, twice as much?†). Its poetic equivalent, known as the vocative O a stylized form of direct address meant to evoke a classical lyricism, is rarely followed by a comma: â€Å"O Lord!† is the utterance of someone asking for attention from a deity; â€Å"Oh, Lord† might be a more mundane request for consideration from a nobleman, though it often serves simply as an oath or a variant of â€Å"Oh, my.† Some usage guides omit the comma when oh is used for the latter constructions, but the punctuation is a pertinent marker for a slight pause in this case and for similar utterances like â€Å"Oh, right† or â€Å"Oh, crap.† Likewise, a comma separates oh from a lengthier phrase: â€Å"Oh, where did I put it?† Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Expressions category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:70 "Home" Idioms and ExpressionsHang, Hung, Hanged30 Words Invented by Shakespeare

The Habitat and Productivity of the Morel Mushroom Research Paper

The Habitat and Productivity of the Morel Mushroom - Research Paper Example However, our limited understanding of morel productivity, diversity, and ecology hinders such synergistic management. We used genetic, morphological, and ecological data to identify and characterize putative species. Some of these putative species fruited only on burned soils the ?rst spring season following a wild ?re. The other two putative species fruited in non-burned forests, in islands of non-burned soils in burned forests, or the second year following ?re on burned soils. Unbiased landscape-level estimates of genus-level morel productivity (not partitioned by putative species) ranged from 80 to 4350 morels per hectare and from 0.550 to 9.080 kg per ha. Productivity which followed the general trend of wild ?re burned forests, insect-damaged forests and healthy forests management. (Catherine G.Parks) Introduction Morels are species of mushroom called Marcella species. They are edible mushrooms which are highly prized and commercially harvested. In 1992 Oregon, Washington, and Id aho approximately harvested 590 metric tonnes of morels providing harvesters with $ 5.2 million of income (SchlosserW.E.Blatner).Morels often fruit prolifically after fire, tree mortality, or ground disturbance. In montane forests east of the Cascade Range in the Pacific Northwest decades of fire suppression have allowed development of dense, fire-prone stands and also periodic insect epidemics also have caused extensive tree mortality which influence morel crops. (J.K). Â   In east central Ohio, the Morel’s normal growing season is early April to mid May. Further south it will be one to two weeks earlier, to the north a little later. A damp habitat is needed for the Morel’s growth. Too much rain or dry weather is not what the mushroom needs they require normal weather pattern. Temperature plays an important role in the growth of the mushrooms as well, Morel mushroom thrives when daytime temperature are in the 60 and 70 degrees Celsius and nighttime temperatures are n ot lower than 40 degrees Celsius. Identification on the morel There are a list of over 190 kinds of the morel species and subspecific taxa in the genus Morchella. General agreement exists that at least two major groups can be clearly distinguished they include; Black Morel (Morchella elata) Black Morels when cut lengthwise it will be hollow from bottom of stem to top of cap. It looks like a rubber mold prompting comments from non-morel lovers, bottom of the cap is attached to the stem (cap and stock all one piece), cap is full of Ridges and Pits, cap is also longer than the stem which has little bumps both inside and outside, stalk are usually lighter in color. Its ribs darken to gray or black with age. (Kirk P.M (Coord)) Yellow Morel (Morchella esculenta) Yellow Morels also when cut lengthwise are hollow from bottom of stem to top of cap which is attached to the stem, cup is also full of ridges and pits and it is longer than the stem. Its stalk is usually lighter in color (sand, ye llow). Other Morel species are; I. Half-free morels (Morchella semilibera).There cap are usually small in comparison to the stem and may only be a quarter the length of the stem. Cap is also not connected from the bottom to the stem II. Caps or Early morel (Verpa bohemica) and Beefsteak (Gyromitra esculenta).they belongs to False morel and they are poisonous. The poison in false morel is MMH (monmthylhydrazine) whose toxicity may

Environmental Hazards and Human Health Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Environmental Hazards and Human Health - Essay Example The decomposition of garbage very much involves the work of bacteria. The rate of decomposition is enhanced by the presence of leachate. As the wastes are degraded by the bacteria, gases are emitted mainly methane. Methane is a greenhouse gas whose emissions pose a threat to the environment (WeGreen-USA, 2014) The liquid that percolates or filters through the dump is referred to as Leachate. The sources of leachate would be rainwater or the liquids in the waters. Rainwater normally hit collected trash; pooling occurs and run off may ensue. The lacerate would thus become toxic since it will mix ground water (WeGreen-USA, 2014). The landfills are the most commonly used method of waste disposal. The old landfills were mainly composed of a bottom liner and a cover. The old landfills failed to adequately prevent the contamination of the environment with wastes. The leachate was not collected hence it trickled down to the ground bringing about the contamination of ground water. In addition, the wastes were exposed to the environment hence attracting pests. The decomposition of older landfills took more time since cover of the landfills was not properly structured. The modern landfill contains a leachate collecting system, a bottom liner and a cover. This minimizes the possibility of wastes escaping into the ground. The modern landfills are constructed with safeguards. The water is normally covered to avoid attracting the pests. In addition, compaction of the waste is carried out order to increase the density and stability. This means that more waste can be disposed of using the landfill method. Modern landfills are designed in ways that protect the environment from contamination. Landfills prevent hydraulic connections between the waste and the environment mainly ground water (WeGreen-USA, 2014) The old landfills were not properly structured and allowed communication with the environment. This can be attributed to the poor ground layer, the

Key concepts of structural family therapy

Key concepts of structural family therapy Salvador Minuchins work proved to be interesting and very insightful. The information presented allowed me to see family therapy through a systematic lens. Minuchins most lasting contribution to the field of family therapy involved a theory of family structure and a set of guidelines to organize therapeutic techniques. I would like to give a brief summary of Minuchins life, in addition to some key concepts and interventions that made his journey unique. Minuchun (2010) was originally born in Argentina and served in the Israeli army. He traveled to the United States and trained in child psychiatry (Nichols, 2010). In 1954, Minuchin began psychoanalytic training at the William Alanson White Institute where he studied the interpersonal psychiatry of Harry Stack Sullivan. After leaving the White Institute, Minuchin (2010) took a job at the Wiltwyck School for delinquent boys, where he suggested to his staff that they start seeing families. According to Nichols (2010), the success of Minu chins work with families at Wiltwyck led to a groundbreaking book, Families of the Sums (1967), which first outlined the structural model. Minuchins (2010) reputation as a virtuoso therapist grew, and he became the director of the Philadelphia Child Guidance Clinic in 1965. By the 1970s, structural family therapy had become the most widely practiced of all systems of family therapy. Minuchin (2010) stepped down as director of the Philadelphia Child Guidance Clinic in 1976 and started his own center in New York, where he practiced until 1996. Key Concepts There are many key concepts to be explained or defined in Structural Family Therapy. In 2010, Nichols defines family structure as a way the family is organized into subsystems and how the interaction among those subsystems is regulated by boundaries. The process of a familys interaction is like the patterns of conversation at the dinner table (Nichols, 2010). The structure of the family is where the members sit in relation to one another. Within families, boundaries are established. Boundaries are invisible barriers that regulate contact with others and can be rigid, clear, or diffused. According to Nichols (2010), diffuse boundaries exist between a couple if they call each other at work frequently, neither has their own friends or independent activities and they view themselves only as a pair rather than as two separate personalities. In retrospect, theyve established a rigid boundary if they spend little time together, have separate bedrooms, take separate vacations, have different checking accounts, and are more invested in careers or outside relationships than in th eir relationship (Nichols, 2010). Boundary making is negotiating the boundaries between members of a relationship, the actual relationship and the outside world (Nichols, 2010). Nichols (2010) defines another form of a relationship as the concept of cross-generational coalition. This is an inappropriate alliance between a parent and a child, who side together against a third member of the family (Nichols, 2010). The concept of accommodation is when elements of a system automatically adjust to coordinate their functioning. Some people may need to work at this. In Structural Therapy, the therapists attempt to join the family. The concept of joining is accepting and accommodating to families to win their confidence and circumvent resistance (Nichols, 2010 p. 462). The key structural term of enactments is an interaction stimulated in structural therapy in order to observe and then change transactions that make up family structure (Nichols, 2010). According to Nichols (2010), empathy is used in structural family therapy to show understanding of the families beliefs and feelings. How Problems Arise and are Maintained According to Nichols (2010), what distinguishes normal families isnt the absence of a problem. The true origin of the problem derives within the Functional structure for dealing organization (Nichols, 2010 p. 176). They also believe that modifications in structure are required with them. Structural family therapists believe that problems are maintained by a dysfunctional family when a family or one of its members encounters external pressures (a parent is laid off, the family moves) and when developmental transitions are reached (a child reaches adolescence, parents retire). Healthy families accommodate to changed circumstances. According to Nichols (2010), less-adaptive families increase the rigidity of structures that are no longer functional. Structural therapists believe that in disengaged families, boundaries are rigid and the family fails to mobilize support when needed. Whereas in enmeshed families, boundaries are diffused and family members become dependent on one another (Nichols, 2010). What Needs to Happen for Change to Occur According to Nichols (2010), Structural Therapy changes behavior by opening alternative patterns of interaction that can modify family structures. It isnt necessarily a matter of creating new structures, but of activating dormant ones (Nichols, 2010). Structural family therapists produce change by joining the family, probing for areas of flexibility, and then activating dormant structural alternatives (Nichols, 2010 p. 177). According to Nichols (2010), the first task is to understand the familys view of their problems. The structural therapist will use enactments and spontaneous behavior sequences to better understand the families structure (Nichols, 2010). Nichols states (2010); the therapist first defines or recognizes a problematic sequence. Second, the therapist directs an enactment. Third, and most important, the therapist must guide the family to modify the enactments (Nichols, 2010). All of the therapists strategies should create new options for the family and options for productive interaction (Nichols, 2010). Interventions/Techniques According to Nichols (2010), Minuchin used three overlapping phases in the process of Structural Family therapy. The therapist joins the family in position of leadership; maps their underlying structure; and intervenes to transform this structure. The structural therapist believes that the strategy of therapy must be organized. Within this organization, the structural therapist uses seven steps that could be considered interventions or techniques. The first step is joining and accommodating. In this step, the therapist attempts to disarm defenses by building an alliance of understanding within each member of the family (Nichols, 2010 p. 180). In the second step the therapist provokes family members to talk among the selves to produce enactments. Enactments help the therapist discover many things about a familys structure (Nichols, 2010). According the Nichols (2010), structural family therapists try to assess the interrelationship of all family members by the third step of structural mapping. In the fourth step, structural therapists highlight and modify interactions. In this step the therapist may use the technique of intensity which is facilitated by using strong affect repeated intervention or prolonged pressure (Nichols, 2010 p.464). Shaping competence is another method of modifying interactions by highlighting and reinforcing the positive (Nichols, 2010). The fifth step distinguishes boundary making or the negotiation of boundaries between members of a relationship and between members of the outside world (Nichols, 2010). The sixth step consists of unbalancing. In this step the therapist aims to change the relationship within a subsystem (Nichols, 2010 p. 186). Finally, in the seventh step the therapist challenges unproductive assumptions that support structural problems (Nichols, 2010). The Goal of Therapy Structural Family therapists direct therapy at altering family structure so that the family can solve its problems (Nichols, 2010 p. 176). Structural problems are viewed as a failure to adjust to changing circumstances. Therefore, structural therapists see their work as activating latent adaptive structures that are already in client families repertoires (Simon, 1995 p. 176). First, the structural family therapist joins the family system to help its members change their structure. By altering boundaries and realigning subsystems, the therapist is able to change the behavior and experience of each family member (Nichols, 2010). For a structural therapist, one of the most important goals of therapy is the creation of an effective hierarchy (Nichols, 2010). According to Nichols (2010), another common goal of a structural therapist is to help parents function together as an executive subsystem. In contrast, the goal within enmeshed families is to differentiate individuals and subsystems by strengthening the boundaries around them. The goal with disengaged families is to make boundaries more permeable (Nichols, 2010 p. 177). How the Therapeutic Alliance is or Can be Addressed (Task, Bond, Goals) Structural Family therapists would like for clients to be in agreement with them on the tasks that they require clients to do in therapy. For example, if clients are now willing to engage in enactments, the therapist will not be able to gain an understanding of the families structural make up. Also, if clients are unwilling to do tasks like changing seating arraignments, then it could be difficult for the therapist to attempt to restructure the family boundaries. In Structure Family therapy, the therapeutic bond between the client and therapist is very important. The therapeutic bond is the foundation of structural family therapy because it helps the family trust the therapist. According to Nichols (2010), the therapist must first disarm defenses and ease anxiety. This is done by building an alliance of understanding with each member of the family. Joining, as the empathic connection is called, opens the way for family members to begin listening to each other while establishing a bon d with the therapist that enables them to accept the challenges to come (Nichols, 2010 p. 181). Without this therapeutic bond it would be hard to get families to agree upon or complete tasks given. When the therapist does not effectively join the family, a therapeutic bond is not created. Therefore, challenging of any kind could be met with resistance. Although it doesnt appear to be much goal setting in structural family therapy, it is important that the client and therapist agree on what needs to be accomplished as an end result. There needs to be some sort of ultimate goal in order for the family and therapist to know when the therapy has been successful. It is important that this is agreed upon by the therapist and family. Todays structural family therapists place more of an emphasis on helping families understand their organization (Nichols, 2010 p. 180). How Gender and Diversity/Culture Can Be Incorporated Into the Theory Since Salvador Minuchin began work on his therapeutic model of structural family therapy times have changed. More awareness has since been given to understanding diversity, culture and gender issues. It is apparent that Minuchin has been very aware of the impact of socioeconomic and cultural environment on family and individual functioning. It is important for structural therapists to understand and consider that not all family structures will look the same. Some families may have single parent families. Therefore, the power in the hierarchy may look different from a traditional two parent family. Different ethnic groups may appear to have a closeness that is very normal for that group or culture, but could appear to be enmeshed from the perspective of a therapist who was raised in a more individualistic society. It is imperative that the therapist understands his or her own cultural constructs about what a family structure should look like and be careful not to apply it to clients o f other cultural back grounds. The structural model offers the conceptual framework and the vocabulary for addressing organizational patterns, boundaries, and subsystems. It has yet to apply the framework to the dimension of gender-either to the gender-based on arrangements in the construction of marital/parental subsystem (Scheikman, 1988 p. 27), or to the gendered coalitions across generations amongst sister or brothers. According to Goldner, the generational distinction is a major focus of attention without notice taken of the distinction between genders (1985). Husbands and wives have been conceptualized as a marital or parental unit, with the most salient distinguishing feature between them ignored, perhaps to avoid falling back into an individualistic view in noting sex differences. In fact, structural family therapy diagrams, until recently, made no gender distinctions (Goldner, 1985). It is important for structural family therapists to be constantly aware and sensitive to different diversity, cultural, and gender issues that may relate to clients when doing therapy. We all come from different backgrounds and receive information differently. After summarizing structural therapy, I am now able to understand the different subsystems and boundaries from a structural point of view. Considering Minuchins structural therapy when working with diverse relationships can be a useful framework when working with todays families.

Innocent Company Analysis

Innocent Company Analysis Table of Content Front sheet1 Table of Content2 Executive summary3 Introduction Internal analysis 1. 1 Mission, core values, and vision 1. 2Value Chain Analysis 1. 3Positioning Map 1. 4Success & Survival factors 1. 5Miles & Snow Adaptive Strategy External analysis 2. 1Segmentation Analysis 2. 2Porter’s five forces 2. 2Industry Life Cycle 2. 3PEST Analysis 2. 4Benchmarking analysis SWOT Analysis 3. 1Recommendations Executive summary: Introduction This report is an analysis about the company: Innocent Ltd.This company started its way in 1998 by three friends Richard Reed, Adam Balon and Jon Wright and produces healthy drinks and food. Their current market share in the UK is now 78%. Internal Analysis The analysis of the company is started by the internal analysis that broadly examines the marketing practices, the values of the company, the value chain of the company, the positioning in the market, the vital success and survival factors and lastly the Mi les & Snow adaptive strategy. The company’s mission is to create a healthier lifestyle of the population by their products in order to ‘live well and die old’.This is supported by their vision that states that they want to become the earth’s favourite little food company and according to one of their values; creating a business they can be proud of. Moreover, as part of  the  internal analysis, a Value chain analysis has been carried out for Innocent Ltd. The value chain analysis identifies primary and support activities critical for the company’s success. Factors of the companies value chain within their primary and support activities seem very promising and are significant in the success of Innocent Ltd; their current market share of 77. 5% can support this.Nevertheless it is crucial that the company preserves consistency throughout their activities in order for them to sustain profitability, thus maintaining competitive advantage. Based on th e positioning map, Innocent found and filled a gap in the market and is free from its competitors based on quality and price. It is a premium product, however customers are willing to pay for this premium price due to its quality. In order to survive in the industry, it is vital for the company to maintain their innovative and creative marketing campaigns by taking customer preferences into account.In order to succeed, international markets for a huge opportunity for the organization. Due to this international expansion, the company could start to make more use of economies of scale, which increases the margins. The analysis have shown that organization can be seen as a prospector, due to the fact that they have changed the industry or actually started an industry, of healthy smoothies. They are continuously pro-active rather than re-active. External Analysis To move on with the External Analysis of the company, starting with the segmentation analysis.This shows that Innocents custo mers are mainly located in North-Western Europe and countries such as Austria and Switzerland. Based on the demographics, people that buy innocent are between 18 and 40 years old that are business people, mothers, on-the-go people and sports people that mostly come from the AB socio-economic group. The customers identify themselves with the brand and are as well believers and strivers. Their behaviour shows that they are enthusiastic and image seekers (because they find it cool to drink innocent).The porters five forces analysis shows that the competitive rivalry, buyer power and threat of substitutes form the biggest threat for the company. Potential entrants and supplier power are identified as a lower threat due to the fact that it costs a lot of money in order to compete with companies such as Innocent and enough suppliers are present that offer natural fruit products. Luckily enough for Innocent Ltd, the industry is still growing and therefore it can be argued that the industry is in its growth phase, even though they had some struggles with the recession.The PEST-Analysis is used to describe the macro environment of innocent on the subject of political/ legal, economic, social and technological aspects. The government cuts, 5 a day campaign and tax increase play an important role regarding the political issues in the macro environment. It is expected, that the economic climate as well as the smoothie market will improve in the future. The trend for healthy eating and the ethical behavioural consciousness plays a main role in this. It is also expected to have lots of innovation and communication developments regarding he technological macro environment. The benchmarking analysis in this report is applied as well in order to identify the main competitors of Innocent Ltd and to compare those companies with the organization. This analysis shows that Introduction: Richard Reed, Adam Balon and Jon Wright founded innocent in 1998. (Below) They bought ? 500 wort h of fruit and set up a stall at a music festival in Parsons Green, London, selling smoothies. At the stall, the guys put up a sign asking ‘’should we give up our day jobs to make smoothies? ’ They had two bins; one labelled ‘’YES’’ and the other ‘’NO’’ and they asked people to vote using their empty bottles. By the end of the day the ‘’YES’’ bin was completely filled up. This made them decide to start Innocent as a new business. Reed stated ‘’Innocent was born from a bin test’’. (EN, the magazine for entrepreneurs, 2011) (CarMicheal, A, Photography, 2009) They worked hard to gain their capital to realize Innocent as a business; unfortunately they were refused finance from various mainstream banks.With perseverance they managed to source their capital from Maurice Pinto, an American, London based businessman who provided them with the ? 250,000 needed capit al. Pinto has since admitted to having made this decision more out of a sense of obligation than in the expectation of the kind of return he’s made on it – one of the best of his life, it turns out. (EN, the magazine for entrepreneurs, 2011) ‘’The idea was a simple one, like most good business strategies† Reed says. (EN, the magazine for entrepreneurs, 2011) Just over a decade later, Innocent now has an annual turnover of around ? 10m, has been growing by 20% year on year and currently has a around 75% share of the UK smoothies market. (BBC New- Business, 2010). The company now produces more than 30 different recipes and sells more than two million smoothies each week through 10,000 retailers in the UK and overseas. (Young, 2009) Internal Analysis 1. 1. 1Mission statement â€Å"To make natural, delicious food and drink that helps people live well and die old. † (Innocent Ltd, 2011) With this mission statement Innocent emphasises that they prod uce products that are natural and good for you.They explain that the products deliver a boost to vitality and because the products are 100% natural and healthy people will live longer by making their immune system stronger after consuming the vitamins. Ultimately their mission is that they want people to consume as much fruit and vegetable as possible in order to make society healthier. (Innocent Ltd. , 2011) 1. 1. 2Vision statement â€Å"Becoming ‘the earth’s favourite little food company. † (Innocent Ltd. , 2011) A vision statement is something a company aspires to become it should be a projection for the future of the company and where they want to grow. Ward, S 2011) Innocent wants to become the earth’s favourite little food company. Currently they have managed to attain 78% of the smoothie market (source %) in the UK and in the past 2 years Innocent has introduced new products to their brand, which means they are working towards their vision statement . 1. 1. 3Core values Core values hold the foundation to how a company performs. The core values of a company are constant and mark the way a company interacts, produces and presents itself. (NPS, 2010) Innocent has set 5 core values to their company; each value has an individual meaning explained below:Be natural Innocent produces products that are 100% natural, taste good and are healthy to consume. Being natural goes hand in hand with their mission statement where they aim to make society healthier. Be entrepreneurial Innocent started their company by seeing an opportunity; they first sold their smoothies at a music festival in London where they initiated their entrepreneurial approach. Innocent strives to be the best they can be and continuously incorporates creativity into their company to become better than the rest.Be responsible Innocent finds it important to stick to their core values and principles thus they want to be responsible for what they produce and how they educate the consumer. Be commercial Innocent is a commercial business and operates that way. Ultimately the profit they generate is a profit for both them and the customer. Innocent incorporates commercial behaviour in order to be tough and fair to the competition. Be generous Lastly Innocent finds it important to be generous and give back what they can to society.They are involved in various organizations for a good cause and have even set up their own Innocent foundation that provides sustainable farming for a secure future for farmers that produce Innocent fruit. (Innocent Foundation Ltd. 2011) Other organization they are involved are: The big knit (Age UK), innocent scholarship foundation, childcare vouchers, drinks for the homeless, buy one get one bee, taste not waste. (Innocent Ltd. 2011) 1. 2Value Chain Analysis Value Chain Analysis: ‘’The term value chain describes a way of looking at a business as a chain of activities that transform inputs into outputs that customers value.Customer value derives from three basic sources: activities that differentiate the product, activities that lower its cost, and activities that meet the customers’ needs quickly. ’’(Mulleady, F, 2011) Businesses often used the Value Chain Analysis to understand and examine different activities within the business, which contribute to customer value, which they aim to generate to help them gain competitive advantage. Michael Porter suggested that the activities which take place within a business can be grouped under two headings, primary activities and support activities.Primary Activities: Inbound logistics: Innocent produce their products from 100% natural goods, which adds to their overall image as a healthy food and drink label. Due to their values, Innocent do not use concentrates of any kind as they feel that they are very bad for you and hardly contain any original goodness which comes from a fruit. The majority of their products are smoothies, whic h are made from 100% real crushed fruit with no added ingredients or materials. Their other products such as the veg pots contain fresh vegetables, whole grains with herbs and spices.The soundness and efficiency of raw materials is high at Innocent as they link extremely well with the overall image of the company and what they aim to deliver to their customers. Operations (Manufacturing): The company headquarters, also known as the ‘Fruit Towers’ is located in Shepherds Bush, London. This is where the company is based and where the main operations and manufacturing of the products takes place. They have 150 people working for them at the ‘Fruit Towers’ and 250 acorss 9 other offices around Europe. In these offices, the recipies are made, the products are produced and packaging is carried out.A lot of effort is put into their packaging, here are a few examples: Excellent level of efficiency regarding productivity, quality and the layout and work flow design at operations at Innocent. Friendly working environment with an overall low staff turnover. Outbound logistics: Innocent products are sold over 10, 000 retailers, compared to 1 in 1999. Their retailers include supermarkets such as Asda, Tesco’s, Waitrose and Sainsbury’s. (Innocent Website, 2011) Due to the accuracy and effective production line, the outbound logistics, which include the delivery of the inished goods and services, are all very efficient. Marketing and sales: * Identified customer needs: Innocent identified that there in today’s society, with worth ethics increasing rapidly and people always on-the-go, that people don’t have enough time to be healthy. So they decided to offer customers healthy products to help them towards consuming their 5 a day fruit and veg. * Innovation in sales promotion and advertising: excellent level of advertising with the main ones including Posters on public transport, television adverts which are very fun and or iginal, press adverts and billboards.Expanding by the year. Service: * ‘Banana phone’-deals with all consumer queries, good and bad comments, which are then passed on to the ‘Peoples champion’ * Email-Website has a list of name and image of all employees and a link to email them directly! * Post * Blog/Facebook/Twitter They fulfil the significant role of giving customers full attention when it comes to after care, complains, customer inputs for product improvement, their promptness in dealing with customer complaints and quality of customer education. Support activities: General administration: They now have 36 different products compared to 3 which they has in 1999. Innocent have the ability to identify new product and market opportunities. * Seem to work well in achieving their objectives which are mainly to provide fresh and healthy products * Their co-ordination and integration amongst all of the value chain factors is good-This is evident with their cu rrent market share of 77. 5% which has come from a result of their increasing number of employees, increasing their productivity and therefore increasing their retailers from 1 to 10,000 in just over a decade.All of this success has meant that 2 million smoothies are now sold a week which compares enormously to 20 per day sold in 1999. (Innocent Website, 2011) * Excellent Public image Human Resource management: * Generally the staff turnover seems to be low which is excellent for the company as the staff have a great level of knowledge about the company as a whole. * The working environment is very enjoyable and fulfilling for the employees. This effectively minimises absenteeism and keeps the staff turnover as a desirable level through motivation and job satisfaction.Technology development: * Staff carry outstanding ability of creativity and innovation * Experience of technicians such as the recipe maker is very good 1. 3Positioning map The perceptual map is a geometric comparison of how competing products are perceived; the dimensions used on the two axes represent the key attributes as seen by the consumer. It is used to generate knowledge about the parity and difference between competing products. (Fill, 2009) Innocent is placed at the high quality/slightly expensive point compared to its competitors.It could be said that Innocent has the perfect position as its closes competitor, Grove, is of lesser quality and is more expensive and not a lot of other competitors are nearby. The fact that there are not a lot of competitors in the area of Innocent shows that the company saw a clear opportunity in the market. As can be seen in the map, the position low quality/expensive is completely empty; this is probably because of the fact that low quality/expensive products in general are not that successful. (Fill, 2009) Looking at the perceptual map, it can be assumed that one of the factors that makes Innocent Ltd. arket leader is that they fill a gap in the market and had the first-mover advantage. 1. 4Survival & Survival factors Survival factors: In accordance to the report of Global Industry Analysts Inc, the global smoothies market will increase to 9. 0 billion in 2015. In order to survive in this market, it is vital for the company to keep the innovative and creative marketing campaigns alive. Although it seems to be that there is enough space for all competitors to expand, Innocent should be careful in their approach.Taking the customers preferences into account plays a main role in this process without ignoring the financial stability of the company. Success factors: Regarding the report discussed in the previous paragraph, exploiting international markets seems to be an attractive opportunity for Innocent Ltd. This will also increase the applicability of economies of scale for the company, which could have positive effects on costs as well as revenue. Strong relationships with suppliers and distributors will be needed, even strategic a lliances and collaboration forms a success factor of the company.Well-structured and carefully composed contracts should ensure the positive effects these attributes will have on the organization, such as; higher revenues, higher margins and therefore higher profits. Maximization of revenue and minimization of costs will enhance the financial capabilities of the companies, which can be used for marketing campaigns and investments in further developed technology in order to create even more sophisticated smoothies. Another essential success factor for Innocent ltd. is to stay ahead of competition, being pro-active instead of re-active.This should be accomplished by creative marketing campaigns and brand loyalty of the consumer. 1. 5Miles & Snow Strategy Analysis External Analysis 2. 1Market Segmentation Analysis A segmentation analysis is needed in order to identify the characteristics of the market population. The analysis is split up into four segmentation areas; geographic, demogr aphic, psychographic and behavioural segmentation respectively. According to the geographic segmentation, Innocent is distributed in the UK, Ireland, the Netherlands, Belgium, France, Germany, Norway, Finland, Austria, Denmark and Switzerland.However, future expansion could lead to a wider geographic area covered by the organization. In respect to the demographic segmentation, the company is aiming for hard working professionals that are interested in a healthier lifestyle, mainly between 18 and 40 years old. The income of the market is therewith above average (ABC1), due to the fact that the drinks are relatively expensive and mainly used by business people with a modern and trendy lifestyle. The people that buy innocent drinks psychographic identify themselves with the brand and feel therewith connected by the innovative and achievement focused approach of the organization.According to Innocent drinks, one of their key approaches is â€Å"to leave things a little bit better than we find them†. Therefore users of the products are also believers and strivers by supporting this organization. The psychographic part of the market segmentation might also be that the people feel good by drinking or eating the products, due to the fact that the products are healthy and the fact that the organization has its own foundation (Innocent Ltd, 2007) Customers of Innocent definitely can be segmented by behaviour.The marketing of innocent is making them enthusiastic about the brand and it becomes ‘cool’ as well to consume the products of Innocent. The market can therefore partly be seen as image seekers. The people that actually buy the products are young business people, mothers that buy these products as an alternative for the unhealthy sodas and fast food and people that often work out. Even though the company has the largest market share, still a lot of people don’t know the brand due to its short existing period. The group of first-time and po tential users is therefore attractive for the business.The marketing campaigns of Innocent should ensure that the brand awareness of the company increases. 2. 2. 1Market Segmentation summary: Geographic segmentation: | North-Western Europe| Demographic segmentation: | Business people + Mothers + On-the-go people + Sports people + People under 35 + AB socio-economic group| Psychographic segmentation:| Innovators, achievers, believers & strivers| Behavioural segmentation:| Enthusiastic, image seekers, first-time and large amount of potential users. | 2. 2Porters Five Forces Force| Ranking1 = no threat4 = big threat| Industry Analysis| Potential Entrants| 1| High start-up costs|Competitive Rivalry| 4| The juice market is very big with a lot of competitors| Buyer Power| 4| A consumer can easily switch brands| Supplier Power| 2| Many suppliers available| Threat of Substitutes| 4| A lot of substitute drinks for smoothies| The Porter’s five forces model is a holistic way of looking at the industry of interest and it shows whether it is interesting or not to enter a certain industry. The model does not only look at competition in the industry, but also at the threat of substitute products and services and new entrants, and the power of suppliers and consumers. Porter, 2008) Looking at the smoothie industry, the first force â€Å"potential entrants† is ranked with a one, which means that is this force is not a big threat. Although a lot of new smoothies enter the market every year, in general these come from established producers, for example Starbucks. (Innofood, 2011) A barrier for new entrance could be the high start-up costs. The second force â€Å"competitive rivalry† is ranked with a four and therefore a threat in the industry, this means that there are a lot of companies competing in this industry.Examples of main competitors of Innocent Ltd. are Tropicana, Grove, Ella’s Kitchen. â€Å"Buyer power†, the third force is ranked wi th a four, this is often the case in a highly competitive industry with a lot of different brands. Consumers can choose out of many different products, which makes it harder for companies to make them loyal to their brand. In the smoothie industry the fourth force â€Å"supplier power† is ranked with a 2 because their are many suppliers available in this industry and this makes it easy for companies to switch suppliers.The fifth and final force â€Å"threat of substitutes† is of course a four as there are a lot of substitute drinks for smoothies, water, soft drinks etc. The smoothie industry does not look too â€Å"sexy† considering the model. High competitive rivalry, buyer power and threat of substitution make it a difficult industry to be successful and thus profitable in. Low threat of new entrants and supplier power are interesting but do not weight off the other forces. (Porter, 2008) 2. 3Industry Life Cycle An Industry life cycle shows in what stage an or ganization is in the cycle of their life.An industry life cycle consists of four stages, introduction which is a stage for start-ups with a new product or within a new industry. The growth stage follows after, this is when a company expands, introduces new products and grows within the industry. The maturity phase is where a company is in consolidation it also shows a slowing in growth. Lastly the decline stage means sales are decreasing, company reached its peaks and during this stage a company could ultimately die. (Inc. 2011) Innocent ltd is currently positioned in the growth stage of their life cycle.They started with a healthy company and within the last 13 years (since 1998) the company grew towards a market share of 78%. In the past 2 years Innocent has been exploring new grounds and introducing new products to their company such as fruit tubes for kids and microwaveable food pots for those who need a quick meal. Innocent has yet to introduce more products and thus has not re ached the maturity stage yet. In recent years the smoothie industry has become more popular because people become more health aware and smoothies manage to tap into the health and convenience trend of today.The smoothie industry has exceeded into a growth stage and according to research is growing towards a continuously expanding market size which indicated the industry will remain in the growth stage for a long period. (Lloyd, A. 2011) 2. 4PEST Analysis Political: 5 A Day Campaign: Innocent profits from the ‘5 a day’ campaign the government and the NHS support. It states that: The Government recommends an intake of at least five portions of fruit or vegetables per person per day to help reduce the risk of some cancers, heart disease and many other chronic conditions (NHS, 2011).One Innocent Smoothie provides 2 of the daily-recommended intake of 5 portions (Innocent, 2011). Government Cuts: Due to the current recession and a deficit of 156 billion pound, the government decided to save 6. 2 billion in the financial year 2010-11. This includes for example less spending on Civil service pay and the Home Office and therefore less purchasing power for these occupational groups (BBC, 2010). This might affect Innocent sales, because consumer might switch to cheaper brands or stop purchasing Smoothies at all, as Smoothies are relatively pricey and considered to be a tread or a luxury product, not an essential (Mintel, 2011).Corporate Tax decrease: The UK government has decided to reduce the corporate tax to 26% in 2011 and again in 2012 to 25%, compared to 28% what it used to be before (Directgov, 2010). This leads to an increase of revenue for Innocent. VAT increase: On the 4th of January the value added tax where increased to 20 per cent, former it was 17. 5% for standard-rated goods, which includes Smoothies, because they are rated as beverages(Directgov, 2011). In November 2010 Innocent unsuccessfully filed a suit against the 17. % of VAT that was cha rged on their products. They argued, that Smoothies are like â€Å"liquefied fruit salads†, because the raw materials for their drinks are Value added tax free (Helen and Hawkes 2011). But it was declared that a Smoothie is not an essential drink or aliment, but of luxuries, therefore a VAT of 17. 5% was applied (now 20%). This implicates a disadvantage for Innocent, because without the 20% VAT Innocent, could lower prices and increase sales or just have a 20% higher profit margin. Economical: Forecasted future growth in the Smoothie market:The overall trend in the Smoothie market in the UK regarding to sales is ascending. It is expected that sales will increase again from a total of 143 million pound in 2011 to 179 million pound in 2016. After sales have been declining from 2007 till 2009. The expected market growth is an opportunity for Innocent to increase their sales and therefore revenue. (Mintel, 2011) Expected bettering of the economic climate: As one can see in the gr aph, GDP in the UK has started to increase again since the 2nd quarter of 2009.Till the 3rd quarter of 2011 there has been a gain in GDP of about 3. 1% (Office for National Statistics, 2011). The treasury expects further growth in GDP over the next years as well as a decline in the unemployment rate. This will have positive effects on the future spending power of consumer, influence purchasing decisions and strengthens consumer confidence (HM Treasury, 2011). Premium brands such as Innocent will profit from an overall economic growth, because during recessions consumers will at first cut their spending on luxury, not essential good.Source: HM Treasury, (2011). Forecasts for the UK economy: a comparison of independent forecasts Source: HM Treasury, (2011). Forecasts for the UK economy: a comparison of independent forecasts Social: Trend for healthy eating and convenience: In the UK society there has been a long-term trend for healthy eating and convenience food. Innocent benefits fro m this trend because Smoothies and Innocent have the reputation to be healthy as well as their products are an easy way to eat five portions of fruit/vegetables on a daily basis in an increasingly fast moving society (Mintel, 2011).Awareness of ethical behaviour: Corporate Social Responsibility tends to be important to consumer, where more than three fifths of consumers believed it important that a company act ethically. Although during the recession this attitude change during the recession, where people were more concerned about their personal wealth and spending. Innocent with its core value being sustainability, profits from the consumer awareness on ethical behaviour of firms and therefore might experience an increase in its brand reputation and brand awareness (Mintel, 2011). Demographics:Most consumer who buy Smoothies are under 35 years old and those in the AB socio-economic group. Because they are more concerned about health and diet. The Graph shows that overall the UK pop ulation is aging this will lead to an increase of the population of consumers between 25-34, which are most likely to by Innocent products. Therefore Sales are expected to increase. But on the other hand, the over 55s are a large segment and are unlikely to purchase Smoothies (Mintel, 2011). Technological: Innovation: Ethical packaging and healthy products are the two main attributes the firms in the market concentrate on.Hence the firms focus on developing new ways of ethical and sustainable packaging, like Innocent, who introduced a bottle made of 100% recycled plastic(Mintel, 2011). Moreover the companies are trying to producer their products with as little additives as possible to bring forward the naturalness of the product. Another important factor for the firms in the market is the innovation of new recipes in order to attract new costumers, for example children or older people. Communication: â€Å"Above-the-line investment in the smoothies market rose by almost 50% in 2010 , to ? 6. 1 million. Due to the fact that all the products in the smoothies market are substitutes and switching costs are low, the companies have to build a relationship with the costumer in order to keep them buying their product. Political * Government cuts * 5 a day campaign * Tax increase (VAT) * Decrease of Corporation Tax| Economic: * Expected bettering of the economic climate * Forecasted future growth in the Smoothie market| Social * Trend for healthy eating and convenience * Awareness of ethical behaviour (CSR) * Demographic| Technological * Innovation * Communication| . 4Competitive Benchmarking Analysis | Innocent(Innocent ltd, 2011)| Tropicana(Tropicana, 2011)| Ella’s Kitchen(Ella's Kitchen ltd, 2011)| Market Share(Lloyd, A. 2011)| 78%| 3%| 2%| Target Market| Business people, mothers, sports people, on-the-go people| Only available for supermarket shoppers. Mothers (children, babies)| Competitive Advantages| 100% natural, strategic alliance with coca cola, | Inte rnationally established| Specially for babies and small children (stages), added value less costs | Core competencies| Brand advertising and communication| World leader in fruit juice manufacturing| Wide product range (drink, food and snack)| Competitive Strategies| Differentiation| Cost leadership| Differentiation Focus| CSR activities| Big knit (Age UK), innocent scholarship foundation, the innocent foundation, childcare vouchers, drinks for the homeless, buy one get one bee, taste not waste. |Expending carton recycling, waste reduction efforts, bottle recycling, rainforest rescue, PepsiCo sustainability. | Eco offices, terra cycle, recyclable packaging, super schools| Competitor ranking| X| 1| 2| Competitive benchmarking is a continuous process of comparing the output, performance and practice of an organization to its direct competition. The matrix gives an overview of the different aspects of Innocent and its closest competitors; Tropicana and Ella’s Kitchen. The matrix above shows that Innocent is a well established and growing company with an incredible market share of 78% in the UK smoothie market.The close competitors only share a 5% market share, the remaining market share is either by very small brands or own brands such as Tesco and Waitrose. Looking at the target market there are some variations, Ella’s Kitchen has a narrow focus on mothers who feed their babies and small children. Tropicana is generally only available to people shopping at supermarkets and Innocent is available in numerous locations from supermarkets, vending machines to supermarkets which means its accessible to the mass public and thus has the largest target market. (Mintel, 2011)Moreover, Innocent prides itself on it products being 100% natural and this is therefore a competitive advantage because very few competitors can state that they only use pure fruit without any processing such as pasteurization. Tropicana uses a pasteurization process in their juice, whic h makes it less healthy than innocent. (Tropicana, 2011) The strategic alliance with Coca-Cola can on one hand be a competitive advantage because Innocent can you the power Coca-cola has but on the other hand Coca-cola could be a bad influence and bad for their eco reputation.Tropicana has a competitive advantage over Innocent and that is that they already are international established and far greater than innocent has. Ella’s kitchen has a competitive advantage oriented towards their target group. They are considered a solid competitor in the smoothie industry and their major customer is the mother, which means that a majority of the target group ‘mothers’ favours ella’s kitchen over the others. Now about the core competencies, innocent has a very popular and a unique brand dvertising and communication that makes them differ from the others and stand out. Tropicana is the world leader in fruit juice manufacturing which is what makes them stand out and las tly Ella’s kitchen has a very wide product range but does compete high up in the smoothie market. When we look at competitive strategies we know that Innocent has a differentiation strategy because they have a broad target and their products are differentiated from the competition. Tropicana on the other hand has a cost leadership approach because they also have a broad target but low costs.Lastly, Ella’s Kitchen uses the strategy differentiation focus because they have a narrow target and a differentiation approach. (Institute for manufacturing, 2011) Finally when looking at the CSR activities all three companies are involved with corporate social responsibility but Innocent is definitely the leader and even has their own foundation. Overall we ranked Tropicana as a stronger competitor. SWOT Analysis All information gained from the tools is used to compose the SWOT analysis. The strengths and weaknesses of Innocent ltd. re derived from the internal analysis of this re port. To start with the main strengths of the organization, the market share of 78% in the UK smoothie market is definitely a strong point of the company. Moreover, the closest competitors (Tropicana ; Ella’s Kitchen) only have three and two percent respectively. This shows the power of Innocent ltd. in the smoothie market. In addition to their power, the brand awareness and the brand image of Innocent is therefore very high. The organization focuses on charity work and wants to ‘leave things a little bit better than we found it’. Innocent ltd, 2011) They have won several business awards such as the Barclays Green Leaders Business Award and the Business Commitment in 2008. Furthermore, their premium quality of their products differentiates themselves from their competitors and forms the basis of the brand loyalty and the cause of their high market share. The Banana phone and the AGM days support the customer loyalty due to the fact that it increases the involveme nt of customers in the organization. Their market share, brand loyalty and close retailer relationship support another strength of the company, which is that the roducts are placed at eye-height in the supermarkets and in clear sight at other retailers such as Starbucks. Despite of the many strengths of the company, our internal analysis of the organization also showed some weaknesses. The first weakness of the company is the price inflexibility, which means that the prices of smoothies are dependant on the prices of food. Furthermore, the competition remains a weakness of the company, due to the fact that established companies such as Starbucks are now starting fruit bars as well, which could negatively affect the sales of the Innocent products.Furthermore, the internal analysis showed that the organization is highly dependant on their smoothies sales. This is a weakness because when the sales or trend of smoothies declines, the whole revenue and profit of the company will decline as well. This is also mainly due to their narrow target market, which is the AB socio-economic group, that intensively reacts on the state of the economy. In times of recession, the smoothies are seen as luxury products, which cause a decline in sales during this time.To go on with the opportunities and threats gained from the external analysis. According to reports used in the analysis, the international smoothie market will be worth 15 billion in 2015, which causes a major opportunity for the company to go global. In addition, the government is supporting healthier lifestyles with the 5 a day campaign and the trend is to buy and eat organic healthy food, which could benefits Innocent as a healthy business in the future. In addition to this trend, an opportunity for Innocent is to differentiate more on healthy products.They already did with their veggie pots, however there are lot more opportunities for more healthy foods and drinks. Lastly, the strategic alliance with Coca-Cola mi ght negatively as well as positively influence Innocent Ltd. An opportunity for the company is to make more use of strategic alliances or partnerships in the future, which for example, could benefits and support the international expansion. And lastly, the external analysis showed some threats that could affect the business negatively. Firstly, it is necessary to monitor the competition in hat they are doing and anticipate on them in order to maintain their ‘prospector’ status according to their Miles ; Snow adaptive strategy. In addition, the prospector strategy could also lead to losses due to the risk that is associated with this strategy. Another threat is the fact that Innocent’s products are highly linked to the economic climate, with fewer sales in times of recession. Furthermore, substitute products form a threat for the company, for example when other soft drinks become healthier; the consumers could decide to buy those instead of the healthy innocent dr inks.And lastly, as discussed in the opportunities paragraph, the controversial alliance with Coca-Cola could negatively influence the brand image of Innocent Ltd. Appendix †¦ shows the overview of the SWOT analysis. Recommendations The strategic alliance with coca-cola can have a negative impact on the company, thus Innocent needs to be solid in not adapting the culture of coca-cola and stick to their own eco approach. If coca-cola influences them they might lose their CSR aspects.Another point is that Innocent has a very narrow target market and only AB socio economic people can afford to buy the products regularly. Innocent is also highly dependant on food prices, which are linked to the economic climate. If there is a change in the economic climate prices might increase which will affect their narrow target group even more. In order to avoid such a problem Innocent needs to stick to their prices or even try to lower them and possible increase sales because the demand will b ecome higher from a larger target group.Lastly, many companies such as Starbucks are also starting fruit bars and or juices which can ultimately become a threat to Innocent but in order to remain market leader in the smoothie industry Innocent should stick to their 100% natural policy and due to the current health trend the healthy consumer will prefer Innocent over the others. There are very few competitors that can also incorporate the 100% natural policy, they will also add sugars, additives or pasteurization processes which makes the product become less healthy hence if Innocent remains a healthy product they will always have a competitive advantage.ReferencesBBC Business news. (2011). Richard Reed, Innocent Drinks. Available from: http://www. bbc. co. uk/news /business- 11551271. [Accessed 01. 11. 2011]BBC, (2010). 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